THE POST-BYZANTINE ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE ART IN ALBANIA'S SOUTH-GJIROKASTRA AND THE ROLE OF THE ORTHODOX CHURCH IN THE RESCUE
Keywords:
Post-Byzantine monuments, Temples, Albania, Orthodox Church of Albania
Abstract
The presence and preservation of a very large number of monuments of Christian worship in Albania, is a fact. The Orthodox Church of Albania has continuously made enormous efforts for the salvage and preservation of this cultural heritage driven by the promotion of the rich and timeless Orthodox tradition in the country. The aim of this paper will be the promotion of post-Byzantine monuments in the Albania region (history, architecture, painting), the contribution of the Church in their salvage.
References
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Economou F., The church in northern Epirus From the early days of Christianity until nowadays [Η εκκλησία εν βορείω Ηπείρω. Από της πρώτης διαδόσεως του χριστιανισµού µέχρι των καθ’ ηµάς χρόνων], Athens: Eleftheri Skepsi Press 1990. Jiochalas T., & Evert L., In the land of Pyrrhus: Diachronic Greeks in Albania [Στη γη του Πύρρου. ∆ιαχρονικός Ελληνισµός στην Αλβανία], Athens: Asterismos Press 1993.
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Τhomo P., The Byzantine Churches in southern Albania [Kishat pasbizantine në Shqiperinë e Jugut], Tirana: Palimsiston Press 1998.
Tritos M., The church in the east Illyrian and Albania [Η Εκκλησία στο ανατολικό Ιλλυρικό και την Αλβανία], Thessaloniki: Kyriakidis Brothers Press 2005.
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Church of Albania. From 1937 until today. Retrieved August 24, 2012 from the WorldWideWeb:http://www.orthodoxalbania.org/new/index.php?option=com_content&vie w=article&id=7019&Itemid=203&lang=el
Archdiocese Albania. Church of Albania. Retrieved August 27, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.katixitiko.gr/default.asp?ElementId=625600
Church of Albania. Retrieved August 23, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.ec-patr.org/dioceses.php?lang=&id=113
The political leadership of Archbishop Anastasios of Albania. Retrieved December 27, 2010 from the World Wide Web: http://www.romfea.gr/ekklisies/ekklisia-tisalvanias/2567-6764
Miniatures & Hagiography. Retrieved August 24, 2012 from the World Wide Web:http://www.orthodoxalbania.org/new/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&i d=7021&Itemid=206&lang=el
Overview 1991-2012. Retrieved August 27, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.orthodoxalbania.org/new/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=82 2&Itemid=114&lang=el
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Giakoumis, G., “The monasteries in Albania [Τα µοναστήρια στην Αλβανία]”, Νewspaper Κathimerini (1997, January 19).
Giakumis K., “Intuitive assessment of the work of the painter Onoufriou and a testament to the central Albania. Vlerësim estetik I veprës së piktorit Onufri dhe dëshmia e tij në Shqiperinë e mesme,” in: Vasilis Iatrou (ed.), Mijëvjeçari i ri miqësisë helenoshqitare, Tirana: 2004, 183.
Giannoulatos A., “Reconstitution of the Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania [H ανασύσταση της Ορθοδόξου Εκκλησίας της Αλβανίας],” in: Vasilis Iatrou (ed.), New millennium Greek-Albanian friendship [Νέα χιλιετηρίδα Ελληνοαλβανικής φιλίας], Tirana: Laiko Vima Press 2003, 11-17.
Manda E., “The use of the Greek alphabet for writing the Albanian language: A first approach [Η χρήση του Ελληνικού αλφαβήτου για τη γραφή της αλβανικής γλώσσας: Μια πρώτη προσέγγιση],” Periodiko Valkanika Simmikta 7 (1995), 9-18. Martiniatos I., “The Moschopolis 1330-1930,” in: Presented at the International Symposium "Moshopoli" of the Thessaloniki Society for Macedonian Studies. Thessaloniki 1957, October-November.
Mavrikou M., “The Gjirokaster Ι loved [Το Αργυρόκαστρο που αγάπησα].” in: Vasilis Iatrou (ed.), Gjirokastrer Legend and Reality [Αργυρόκαστρο θρύλοι και πραγµατικότητα], Gjirokaster: Laiko Vima Press 2002, 71-72.
Nistazopoulou-Pelekidou M., “Foreign language texts in Greek script [Ξενόγλωσσα κείµενα µε ελληνική γραφή],” Ο Eranistis 10 (1972), 79-85.
Popa, T. “Materials inscriptions in churches of our land as a source for the history of our people: First conference Albanological studies 1962 [Materialet epigrafike kishtare të vendit si burime për historinë e kulturës së poppulit tone,” in: Konferenca e parë e studimeve Albanologjike 1962] Tirana: (1965), 567.
Popa, T. “New elements about the painter Onoufrio [Τë dhana të reja rreth piktor Onufrit,” Studime Historike (1966), 141.
Popa T., “Some general considerations of post-Byzantine painting in Albania [Disa konsiderata të përgjithshme rreth picturës postbizantine në Shqipni],” Studime Historike (1967), 95.
Puzanova, V., “Over the Albanian art of the 18th century [Prapë mbi artin Shqiptar të shekullit XVIII],” Buletin i Universitetit Shetëror të Tiranës, Seria Shkencat Shoqerore 2 viti XII Tiranë (1958), 153.
Thomo, P., “Upholding the reuse and enhancement of monuments polite task [Η προάσπιση, η επανάχρηση και η ανάδειξη των µνηµείων ευγενικό καθήκον],” in: Vasilis Iatrou (ed.), Nea Hilietirida Ellenoalvanikis Filias, Tirana: 2004, 163-164. Thomo, P., “The ecclesiastical architecture in the region Gjirokastra,” in: Vasilis Iatrou (ed.), Gjirokastra Legends and Reality [Η εκκλησιαστική αρχιτεκτονική στην περιφέρεια Αργυροκάστρου: Αργυρόκαστρο Θρύλοι και πραγµατικότητα], Gjirokaster: Laiko Vima Press 2002, 60-61.
Tourta A., “Religious painting [Η θρησκευτική ζωγραφική],” Κathimerini Νewspaper (1997 January 19).
Unpublished paper presented at a conference
Koutsos V., Considerations on education in the Greek national minority [Προβληµατισµοί για την παιδεία στο χώρο της Ελληνικής εθνικής µειονότητας]. Day Conference. Gjirokaster 2002, January 30/31.
Unpublished Master/ Doctoral dissertation
Papa E., The Province of Drinoupolis in Northern Epirus during the later period [Η επαρχία ∆ρυϊνουπόλεως της Β Ηπείρου κατά τη νεώτερη περίοδο]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Aristotle University, Thessaloniki: 2009, 46.
Alexoudis A., Brief description of the Velegradon’s Metropolis [Σύντοµη περιγραφή της Ιεράς Μητροπόλεως Βελεγράδων], Corfu: 1869. Aravatinos P., Chronography of Epirus [Χρονογραφία περί της Ηπείρου], Athens: 1856.
Bishop Dryinoupoleos Sebastian, The Crucified Northern Epirus [Η εσταυρωµένη Βόρειος. Ήπειρος], Athens: 1985, 45-46. Chatzidakis M. & Drakopoulou E., Greek Painters after the Fall [Έλληνες ζωγράφοι µετά την άλωση (1450-1830)], Athens: Institute of Neohellenic Research Press 1997.
Chatzopoulou L., Epirus, Gods, Men and Heroes [Ήπειρος Θεών, Ανθρώπων και Ηρώων, Athens: Ministry of Defense Press 2001.
Church of Albania, Restoration of monuments Orthodox Church in Albania[Αποκατάσταση των µνηµείων της Ορθόδοξης Εκκλησίας στην Αλβανία], Tirana: Ngjialia Publishers 2005, 10-11, 16-20.
Dhorka D., The medieval wall painting in Albania [Piktura murale e mesjetës në Shqipëri], Tiranë: 1974.
Dorkofiki E., The Ιisouela found God in Albania: Churches of Albania [Η Ιησουέλα βρήκε το Θεό στην Αλβανία: Εκκλησίες της Αλβανίας], Athens: Greek Evroekdotiki Press 1991.
Economou F., The church in northern Epirus From the early days of Christianity until nowadays [Η εκκλησία εν βορείω Ηπείρω. Από της πρώτης διαδόσεως του χριστιανισµού µέχρι των καθ’ ηµάς χρόνων], Athens: Eleftheri Skepsi Press 1990. Jiochalas T., & Evert L., In the land of Pyrrhus: Diachronic Greeks in Albania [Στη γη του Πύρρου. ∆ιαχρονικός Ελληνισµός στην Αλβανία], Athens: Asterismos Press 1993.
Kamaroulias, K., The monasteries of Northern Epirus [Τα µοναστήρια της Βόρειας Ηπείρου], Athens: Basta-Plessas Press 1996.
Kiriazi D., Method for learning the Albanian [Μέθοδος για την εκµάθηση της αλβανικής], Thessaloniki: Malliaris Press 1994.
Nistazopoulou-Pelekidou, M., The Balkan people: From the Turkish conquest in the national rehabilitation (14th-19th c.) [Οι βαλκανικοί λαοί: Από την τουρκική κατάκτηση στην εθνική αποκατάσταση (14ος-19ος αι.)], Thessaloniki: Vanias Press 2000, 31.
Giakoumis G., Orthodox monuments in Northern Epirus [Ορθόδοξα µνηµεία στη Βόρειο Ήπειρο], Ioannina: Foundation on Northern Epirus Studies Press 1994.
Glavinas A., The Autocephaly of the Orthodox Church of Albania [Το Αυτοκέφαλο της Ορθόδοξης Εκκλησίας της Αλβανίας], Athens: Foundation Goulandris Horn Press 1996.
Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania, Resurrection. The Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania 1991-2003, Tirana: Njallja Puplishers Press 2004, 11-17, 49-59.
Τhomo P., The Byzantine Churches in southern Albania [Kishat pasbizantine në Shqiperinë e Jugut], Tirana: Palimsiston Press 1998.
Tritos M., The church in the east Illyrian and Albania [Η Εκκλησία στο ανατολικό Ιλλυρικό και την Αλβανία], Thessaloniki: Kyriakidis Brothers Press 2005.
Tsitselikis K. & Christopoulos D., The Greek minority in Albania [Η ελληνική µειονότητα της Αλβανίας], Athens: Kritiki Press 2010.
Tsitselikis K., Report to the Ministry of Education, Lifelong Learning and Religions – Minority Greek schools and the spread of the Greek language and culture in Albania: Some issues requiring immediate intervention [Έκθεση προς το Υπουργείο Παιδείας ∆ια βίου Μάθησης και Θρησκευµάτων - Μειονοτικά Ελληνικά σχολεία και διάδοση της Ελληνικής γλώσσας και πολιτισµού στην Αλβανία: Ορισµένα ζητήµατα που απαιτούν άµεση παρέµβαση], Thessaloniki, 2010. Voulgaraki E., Church life in the Balkans [Εκκλησιαστική ζωή στα βαλκάνια]. Athens: Armos Press 1997.
Internet and other electronic sources
Church of Albania. From 1937 until today. Retrieved August 24, 2012 from the WorldWideWeb:http://www.orthodoxalbania.org/new/index.php?option=com_content&vie w=article&id=7019&Itemid=203&lang=el
Archdiocese Albania. Church of Albania. Retrieved August 27, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.katixitiko.gr/default.asp?ElementId=625600
Church of Albania. Retrieved August 23, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.ec-patr.org/dioceses.php?lang=&id=113
The political leadership of Archbishop Anastasios of Albania. Retrieved December 27, 2010 from the World Wide Web: http://www.romfea.gr/ekklisies/ekklisia-tisalvanias/2567-6764
Miniatures & Hagiography. Retrieved August 24, 2012 from the World Wide Web:http://www.orthodoxalbania.org/new/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&i d=7021&Itemid=206&lang=el
Overview 1991-2012. Retrieved August 27, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.orthodoxalbania.org/new/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=82 2&Itemid=114&lang=el
Published proceedings, published, contribution to a symposium, article or chapter in an edited book
Giakoumis, G., “The monasteries in Albania [Τα µοναστήρια στην Αλβανία]”, Νewspaper Κathimerini (1997, January 19).
Giakumis K., “Intuitive assessment of the work of the painter Onoufriou and a testament to the central Albania. Vlerësim estetik I veprës së piktorit Onufri dhe dëshmia e tij në Shqiperinë e mesme,” in: Vasilis Iatrou (ed.), Mijëvjeçari i ri miqësisë helenoshqitare, Tirana: 2004, 183.
Giannoulatos A., “Reconstitution of the Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania [H ανασύσταση της Ορθοδόξου Εκκλησίας της Αλβανίας],” in: Vasilis Iatrou (ed.), New millennium Greek-Albanian friendship [Νέα χιλιετηρίδα Ελληνοαλβανικής φιλίας], Tirana: Laiko Vima Press 2003, 11-17.
Manda E., “The use of the Greek alphabet for writing the Albanian language: A first approach [Η χρήση του Ελληνικού αλφαβήτου για τη γραφή της αλβανικής γλώσσας: Μια πρώτη προσέγγιση],” Periodiko Valkanika Simmikta 7 (1995), 9-18. Martiniatos I., “The Moschopolis 1330-1930,” in: Presented at the International Symposium "Moshopoli" of the Thessaloniki Society for Macedonian Studies. Thessaloniki 1957, October-November.
Mavrikou M., “The Gjirokaster Ι loved [Το Αργυρόκαστρο που αγάπησα].” in: Vasilis Iatrou (ed.), Gjirokastrer Legend and Reality [Αργυρόκαστρο θρύλοι και πραγµατικότητα], Gjirokaster: Laiko Vima Press 2002, 71-72.
Nistazopoulou-Pelekidou M., “Foreign language texts in Greek script [Ξενόγλωσσα κείµενα µε ελληνική γραφή],” Ο Eranistis 10 (1972), 79-85.
Popa, T. “Materials inscriptions in churches of our land as a source for the history of our people: First conference Albanological studies 1962 [Materialet epigrafike kishtare të vendit si burime për historinë e kulturës së poppulit tone,” in: Konferenca e parë e studimeve Albanologjike 1962] Tirana: (1965), 567.
Popa, T. “New elements about the painter Onoufrio [Τë dhana të reja rreth piktor Onufrit,” Studime Historike (1966), 141.
Popa T., “Some general considerations of post-Byzantine painting in Albania [Disa konsiderata të përgjithshme rreth picturës postbizantine në Shqipni],” Studime Historike (1967), 95.
Puzanova, V., “Over the Albanian art of the 18th century [Prapë mbi artin Shqiptar të shekullit XVIII],” Buletin i Universitetit Shetëror të Tiranës, Seria Shkencat Shoqerore 2 viti XII Tiranë (1958), 153.
Thomo, P., “Upholding the reuse and enhancement of monuments polite task [Η προάσπιση, η επανάχρηση και η ανάδειξη των µνηµείων ευγενικό καθήκον],” in: Vasilis Iatrou (ed.), Nea Hilietirida Ellenoalvanikis Filias, Tirana: 2004, 163-164. Thomo, P., “The ecclesiastical architecture in the region Gjirokastra,” in: Vasilis Iatrou (ed.), Gjirokastra Legends and Reality [Η εκκλησιαστική αρχιτεκτονική στην περιφέρεια Αργυροκάστρου: Αργυρόκαστρο Θρύλοι και πραγµατικότητα], Gjirokaster: Laiko Vima Press 2002, 60-61.
Tourta A., “Religious painting [Η θρησκευτική ζωγραφική],” Κathimerini Νewspaper (1997 January 19).
Unpublished paper presented at a conference
Koutsos V., Considerations on education in the Greek national minority [Προβληµατισµοί για την παιδεία στο χώρο της Ελληνικής εθνικής µειονότητας]. Day Conference. Gjirokaster 2002, January 30/31.
Unpublished Master/ Doctoral dissertation
Papa E., The Province of Drinoupolis in Northern Epirus during the later period [Η επαρχία ∆ρυϊνουπόλεως της Β Ηπείρου κατά τη νεώτερη περίοδο]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Aristotle University, Thessaloniki: 2009, 46.
Published
2013-05-05
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